Kammalawar Sama don Injin CNC
Kammalawa ta saman hanya ce da ke taimakawa wajen fayyace da kuma inganta yanayin rubutu bayan injin CNC.
A Kachi, muna da inganci kuma a shirye muke mu keɓance sassa don amfani iri-iri. Ko kuna bin ƙa'idodin matsewa da kuma kammalawa mai santsi ko kuma kuna buƙatar ƙarin juriya ga tsatsa da lalacewa, kammalawar saman mu don injin CNC na iya samar da abin da kuke buƙata.
Menene Machining Surface Finish?
Kammala saman ya ƙunshi tsarin canza saman ƙarfe ta hanyar sake siffantawa, cirewa ko ƙarawa, kuma ana amfani da shi don auna yanayin saman gaba ɗaya wanda ke da alaƙa da:
Layi– Alkiblar tsarin saman da ya fi rinjaye (sau da yawa ana ƙaddara shi ta hanyar tsarin masana'antu).
Rauni- Ya shafi ƙananan kurakurai ko rashin daidaito masu kauri, kamar saman da aka karkace ko aka karkatar da su daga takamaiman bayanai.
Taushin saman– Ma'aunin rashin daidaiton saman da aka yi wa nisa mai kyau. Gabaɗaya, rashin daidaiton saman shine abin da masu injina ke kira "ƙarshen saman" yayin da amfani da "ƙarshen saman" abu ne da aka saba amfani da shi idan aka yi la'akari da dukkan halaye uku.
Waɗanne irin abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su yayin zabar gama aikin injin CNC?
Amfanin samfurin
Ana amfani da abubuwa daban-daban na muhalli, kamar girgiza, zafi, danshi, hasken UV, da sauransu, ga sassa daban-daban na injinan CNC. Za ka iya zaɓar da kyau idan ka yi la'akari da kyau game da wanda da kuma abin da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da samfurin.
Dorewa
Tsawon lokacin da kake son samfurinka ya daɗe wata tambaya ce da dole ne ka yi wa kanka. Kera kayayyaki ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu dorewa. Kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci a wannan yanayin, amma dole ne ka yi la'akari da goge saman injin. Dorewa abu ne da ke ƙara darajar kayan da ka gama. Saboda haka, ya kamata ka zaɓi ƙarewar da ta dace.
Girman ɓangaren
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa aikin injina na iya canza girman wani ɓangare. Kauri kamar shafa foda na iya ƙara kauri saman ƙarfe.
Amfanin Tsarin Kammalawa na Karfe
Za a iya taƙaita ayyukan maganin saman ƙarfe kamar haka:
● Inganta bayyanar
● Ƙara takamaiman launuka masu kyau
● Canza haske
● Ƙara juriya ga sinadarai
● Ƙara juriyar lalacewa
● Iyakance tasirin tsatsa
● Rage gogayya
● Cire lahani a saman fata
● Tsaftace sassan
● Yi aiki a matsayin abin rufe fuska na farko
● Daidaita girman
A Kachi, ƙungiyar ƙwararrunmu za su ba da shawara kan hanyoyin da suka dace don magance saman da kuma kammalawa don cimma sakamakon da kuke so. Kuna iya zaɓar mafi kyawun ƙarewa wanda ke ƙarfafa da kuma kare bayyanar sassan da aka yi da injina. Tsarin gyaran saman da ake da shi ya haɗa da kamar haka:
Anodize
Anodize wani tsari ne na electrolytic passivation wanda ke haɓaka Layer na oxide na halitta akan sassan aluminum don kariya daga lalacewa da tsatsa, da kuma tasirin kwalliya.
Busasshen Bead
Ƙarfin watsawa yana amfani da wani matsi mai ƙarfi na kayan aikin gogewa don shafa wani matte, mai kama da juna a saman sassan.
Electroplating
Rufin nickel wani tsari ne da ake amfani da shi wajen yin amfani da siraran nickel a kan wani ɓangaren ƙarfe. Ana iya amfani da wannan rufin don yin amfani da shi wajen jure tsatsa da kuma lalacewa, da kuma don ado.
Gogewa
Ana goge sassan injinan CNC na musamman ta hanyar amfani da hannu ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Fuskar tana da santsi kuma tana ɗan haskakawa.
Chromate
Maganin chromate yana amfani da sinadarin chromium a saman ƙarfe, wanda hakan ke ba ƙarfen kariya daga tsatsa. Wannan nau'in ƙarewar saman kuma yana iya ba ƙarfen kamannin ado, kuma tushe ne mai tasiri ga nau'ikan fenti da yawa. Ba wai kawai hakan ba, har ma yana ba ƙarfe damar kiyaye ƙarfin lantarkinsa.
Zane
Zane ya ƙunshi fesa fenti a saman ɓangaren. Ana iya daidaita launuka zuwa lambar launin Pantone da abokin ciniki ya zaɓa, yayin da ƙarewa ya kama daga matte zuwa sheƙi zuwa ƙarfe.
Baƙin Oxide
Black oxide wani shafi ne da ake amfani da shi wajen canza launi kamar Alodine wanda ake amfani da shi wajen yin amfani da ƙarfe da bakin ƙarfe. Ana amfani da shi ne musamman don kamanni da kuma juriya ga tsatsa.
Alamar sashi
Alamar sashi hanya ce mai araha don ƙara tambari ko haruffa na musamman ga ƙirar ku kuma galibi ana amfani da ita don yiwa sassan alama ta musamman yayin samarwa gaba ɗaya.
| Abu | Kammalawar Fuskar da ake da ita | aiki | Bayyanar Shafi | Kauri | Daidaitacce | Kayan da ya dace |
| 1 | Share Anodize | Rigakafin iskar shaka, hana gogayya, ƙawata siffar | Bayyananne, Baƙi, Shuɗi, Kore, Zinariya, Ja | 20-30μm | ISO7599, ISO8078, ISO8079 | Aluminum da kuma kayan da aka yi amfani da su |
| 2 | Anodize mai tauri | Anti-oxidizing, Anti-static, ƙara juriya ga abrasion da taurin saman, yin ado | Baƙi | 30-40μm | ISO10074, BS/DIN 2536 | Aluminum da kuma kayan da aka yi amfani da su |
| 3 | Alodine | Ƙara juriya ga tsatsa, haɓaka tsarin saman da tsaftacewa | Babu wata matsala, babu launi, rawaya mai haske, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka, ko shuɗi | 0.25-1.0μm | Mil-DTL-5541, MIL-DTL-81706, Ma'aunin Mil-spec | Iri-iri na Karfe |
| 4 | Rufin Chrome / Rufin Chrome Mai Tauri | Juriyar lalata, ƙara taurin saman da juriyar abrasion, Anti= tsatsa, yin ado | Zinare, Azurfa mai haske | 1-1.5μm Tauri:8-12μm | Bayani dalla-dalla SAE-AME-QQ-C-320, Aji na 2E | Aluminum da kuma kayan da aka yi amfani da su Karfe da kuma ƙarfensa |
| 5 | Faranti mara amfani da nickel | Ado, rigakafin tsatsa, haɓaka tauri, juriya ga tsatsa | Mai haske, rawaya mai haske | 3-5μm | MIL-C-26074, ASTM8733 DA AMS2404 | Iri-iri na ƙarfe, ƙarfe da aluminum gami |
| 6 | Tutiya Plating | Hana tsatsa, yin ado, ƙara juriya ga tsatsa | Shuɗi, Fari, Ja, Rawaya, Baƙi | 8-12μm | ISO/TR 20491, ASTM B695 | Metal ɗin Varioius |
| 7 | Zinariya / Azurfa | Gudanar da raƙuman lantarki da na lantarki, yin ado | Zinare, Azurfa Mai Haske | Zinare: 0.8-1.2μm Azurfa:7-12μm | MIL-G-45204, ASTM B488, AMS 2422 | Karfe da kuma ƙarfensa |
| 8 | Baƙin Oxide | Mai hana tsatsa, da kuma yin ado | Baƙi, Shuɗi baƙi | 0.5-1μm | ISO11408, MIL-DTL-13924, AMS2485 | Bakin Karfe, Chromium Karfe |
| 9 | Fentin Foda/Fenti | juriyar tsatsa, yin ado | Baƙi ko kowace lambar Ral ko lambar Pantone | 2-72μm | Ma'aunin kamfani daban-daban | Karfe daban-daban |
| 10 | Passivation na Bakin Karfe | Mai hana tsatsa, da kuma yin ado | Babu faɗakarwa | 0.3-0.6μm | ASTM A967, AMS2700&QQ-P-35 | Bakin Karfe |
Maganin Zafi
Maganin zafi muhimmin mataki ne a cikin injinan da aka tsara daidai. Duk da haka, akwai hanyoyi fiye da ɗaya don cimma hakan, kuma zaɓin maganin zafi ya dogara da kayan aiki, masana'antu da aikace-aikacen ƙarshe.
Ayyukan Maganin Zafi
Karfe mai maganin zafi Maganin zafi shine tsarin da ake dumama ƙarfe ko sanyaya shi a cikin yanayi mai ƙarfi don sarrafa halayen jiki kamar sauƙin sassauƙa, dorewa, iya ƙera shi, tauri, da ƙarfi. Karfe masu maganin zafi suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga masana'antu da yawa, ciki har da masana'antun jiragen sama, motoci, kwamfuta, da kayan aiki masu nauyi. Sassan ƙarfe masu maganin zafi (kamar sukurori ko maƙallan injin) suna haifar da ƙima ta hanyar inganta sauƙin amfani da amfaninsu.
Maganin zafi tsari ne mai matakai uku. Da farko, ana dumama ƙarfe zuwa takamaiman zafin da ake buƙata don kawo canjin da ake so. Na gaba, ana kiyaye zafin har sai an dumama ƙarfe daidai gwargwado. Sannan ana cire tushen zafi, wanda ke ba da damar ƙarfen ya huce gaba ɗaya.
Karfe shine ƙarfe da aka fi amfani da shi a lokacin zafi amma ana yin wannan tsari akan wasu kayan aiki:
● Aluminum
● Tagulla
● Tagulla
● Baƙin ƙarfe
● Tagulla
● Hastelloy
● Inconel
● Nickel
● Roba
● Bakin Karfe
Zaɓuɓɓukan Maganin Zafi daban-daban
Taurarewa:Ana yin tauri ne don magance ƙarancin ƙarfe, musamman waɗanda ke shafar juriya gaba ɗaya. Ana yin hakan ta hanyar dumama ƙarfen da kuma kashe shi da sauri lokacin da ya isa ga halayen da ake so. Wannan yana daskare ƙwayoyin don samun sabbin halaye.
Zubar da jini:Mafi yawan amfani da aluminum, jan ƙarfe, ƙarfe, azurfa ko tagulla, annealing ya ƙunshi dumama ƙarfe zuwa zafin jiki mai yawa, riƙe shi a wurin da kuma barin shi ya yi sanyi a hankali. Wannan yana sa waɗannan ƙarfe su zama masu sauƙin aiki. Ana iya sanyaya jan ƙarfe, azurfa da tagulla cikin sauri ko a hankali, ya danganta da yadda ake amfani da su, amma dole ne ƙarfe ya kasance yana sanyaya a hankali ko kuma ba zai yi zafi yadda ya kamata ba. Ana yin wannan ne kafin a yi ƙera shi don kada kayan su lalace yayin ƙera shi.
Daidaita:Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi akan ƙarfe, daidaita yanayin aiki yana inganta injina, juriya da ƙarfi. Karfe yana zafi zuwa digiri 150 zuwa 200 fiye da ƙarfe da ake amfani da su a cikin hanyoyin rage zafi kuma ana riƙe shi a wurin har sai canjin da ake so ya faru. Tsarin yana buƙatar ƙarfe don sanyaya iska don ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin ferritic masu kyau. Wannan kuma yana da amfani don cire ƙwayoyin columnar da rabuwar dendritic, waɗanda zasu iya yin illa ga inganci yayin jefa wani ɓangare.
Mai juriya:Ana amfani da wannan tsari don ƙarfe, musamman ƙarfe. Waɗannan ƙarfe suna da tauri sosai, amma sau da yawa suna da rauni sosai don manufofinsu. Tempering yana dumama ƙarfe zuwa zafin jiki ƙasa da mahimmin matsayi, domin wannan zai rage karyewar ba tare da rage tauri ba. Idan abokin ciniki yana son ƙarin roba mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarancin tauri da ƙarfi, muna dumama ƙarfe zuwa zafin jiki mafi girma. Amma wani lokacin, kayan suna da juriya ga tempering, kuma yana iya zama da sauƙi a sayi kayan da suka riga suka taurare ko kuma a taurare su kafin a yi aiki.
Taurarewar akwati: Idan kuna buƙatar saman da ya yi tauri amma kuma yana da laushi, taurarewar akwati shine mafi kyawun zaɓi. Wannan tsari ne da aka saba yi wa ƙarfe waɗanda ba su da ƙarancin carbon, kamar ƙarfe da ƙarfe. A cikin wannan hanyar, maganin zafi yana ƙara carbon a saman. Yawanci za ku yi odar wannan aikin bayan an yi masa injin don ku iya sa su dawwama. Ana yin sa ta amfani da zafi mai yawa tare da wasu sinadarai, saboda hakan yana rage haɗarin sa ɓangaren ya yi rauni.
Tsufa:Wanda kuma aka sani da taurin hazo, wannan tsari yana ƙara ƙarfin yawan ƙarfe masu laushi. Idan ƙarfe yana buƙatar ƙarin taurin fiye da tsarinsa na yanzu, taurin hazo yana ƙara ƙazanta don ƙara ƙarfi. Wannan tsari yawanci yana faruwa ne bayan an yi amfani da wasu hanyoyi, kuma yana ɗaga yanayin zafi zuwa matsakaiciya kawai kuma yana sanyaya kayan da sauri. Idan ma'aikacin fasaha ya yanke shawarar cewa tsufa na halitta shine mafi kyau, ana adana kayan a cikin yanayin sanyi har sai sun isa ga halayen da ake so.
