Umshini wokugaya we-CNC uyinqubo evamile esetshenziselwa ukudala izingxenye ngensimbi. Kodwa-ke, umshini wokugaya we-CNC ungasetshenziswa futhi ukudala izingxenye ngepulasitiki. Umshini wokugaya we-CNC wepulasitiki uyinqubo ethandwayo ezimbonini eziningana ngenxa yobubanzi bezinto ze-CNC zepulasitiki ezitholakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwethulwa kokulawulwa kwezinombolo zekhompyutha (i-CNC) kwenze inqubo yaba nembe kakhudlwana, isheshe, futhi ifaneleke ekudaleni izingxenye ezinezimo eziqinile.

 

8izinto zokucubungula ze-CNC ezivamile

Amapulasitiki amaningi asebenza ngomshini afanelekela ukukhiqiza izingxenye nemikhiqizo ezimbonini eziningana. Ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuncike ezicini zawo, kanti amanye amapulasitiki asebenza ngomshini, njenge-nylon, anezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini eziwavumela ukuthi athathe indawo yezinsimbi. Ngezansi amapulasitiki avame kakhulu okwenziwa ngepulasitiki ngokwezifiso:

 

1. I-PVC

I-Polyvinyl chloride, noma i-PVC, iyinto ye-CNC eguquguqukayo etholakala ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamazinga kanye nezindlela zokwakheka. Iyaziwa ngamandla ayo, ukuqina kwayo, kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali kanye nomswakama. I-PVC nayo ayibizi kakhulu, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.

 

Ochwepheshe

I-PVC iyinto eqinile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside emelana namakhemikhali kanye nomswakama.

Itholakala ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-grades kanye nezindlela zokwakheka, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo.

I-PVC ishibhile kakhulu, okwenza kube inketho engabizi kakhulu.

Kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngomshini, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kokwenza ama-prototyping nokukhiqizwa ngokushesha.

 

Ububi

I-PVC ingaba nzima ukusebenza ngayo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu.

Ayimelani nokushisa njengezinye izinto ze-CNC.

I-PVC ingakhipha umusi oyingozi uma ishiswa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umoya ofanele lapho usebenza ngayo.

 

Izicelo

I-PVC isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo, okuhlanganisa:

• Izimoto
• Ukwakha Nokwakha
• Amadivayisi ezokwelapha
• Ukupakisha
• Amapayipi nezinto zokufaka
• Imikhiqizo yabathengi

 

I-PVC iyinto ye-CNC eguquguqukayo futhi engabizi efanelekile ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Amandla ayo, ukuqina kwayo, kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali kanye nomswakama kuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuhle ezimbonini eziningi.

 

2. UKUBHEKA

I-Polyether ether ketone, noma i-PEEK, iyi-thermoplastic yobunjiniyela esebenza kahle kakhulu eyaziwa ngamandla ayo, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali. Futhi iyisivikelo sikagesi esihle futhi inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka. I-PEEK ivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo lapho kudingeka khona ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye namakhemikhali, njengasezimbonini zezindiza, zezokwelapha kanye nezezimoto.

 

Ochwepheshe

I-PEEK iyinto eqinile futhi eqinile emelana namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene kanye nezinyibilikisi.

Iyakwazi ukumelana nokuguguleka kahle futhi iyisivikelo sikagesi esihle.

I-PEEK futhi iyisinqumo esihle sezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka khona amazinga okushisa aphezulu, njengoba ingamelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-260 °C.

I-PEEK kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ingasetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezahlukene zomshini we-CNC.

 

Ububi

I-PEEK iyinto ebiza kakhulu.

Kungaba nzima ukusebenza ngakho ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu.

I-PEEK ingakhipha umusi onobuthi uma ishiswa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umoya ofanele lapho usebenza ngayo.

 

Izicelo

I-PEEK isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa:

Izindiza

Ezokwelapha

Izimoto

Ukucubungula amakhemikhali

Uwoyela negesi

 

I-PEEK iyi-thermoplastic yobunjiniyela esebenza kahle kakhulu efanelekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo. Amandla ayo, ukuqina, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwezicelo ezidinga amandla.

 

3.PTFE

I-Polytetrafluoroethylene, noma i-PTFE, iyi-thermoplastic esebenza kahle kakhulu eyaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezinganamatheli, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokungqubuzana okuphansi. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo lapho lezi zakhiwo zibalulekile, njengasezimbonini zokucubungula ukudla, zezokwelapha, kanye nezezindiza.

 

Ochwepheshe

I-PTFE iyinto enganamatheli emelana namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene kanye nezinyibilikisi.

Inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka kanye nokungqubuzana okuphansi, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kokusetshenziswa lapho izingxenye kudingeka zihambisane kahle.

I-PTFE nayo iyisivikelo esihle futhi imelana nokushisa nogesi.

I-PTFE kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ingasetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zomshini we-CNC.

 

Ububi

I-PTFE iyinto ebiza kakhulu.

Kungaba nzima ukusebenza ngakho ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu.

I-PTFE ingakhipha umusi onobuthi uma ishiswa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umoya ofanele lapho usebenza nayo.

 

Izicelo

I-PTFE isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa:

Ukucubungula ukudla

Amadivayisi ezokwelapha

Izindiza

Ukucubungula amakhemikhali

Uwoyela negesi

 

I-PTFE iyi-thermoplastic esebenza kahle kakhulu efanelekile ukusetshenziswa okubanzi. Izakhiwo zayo ezinganamatheli, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukungqubuzana okuphansi, kanye nokumelana nokushisa kwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kokusetshenziswa okudinga amandla.

 

4.I-polyester ether elastomer (POM)

I-POM iyipulasitiki yobunjiniyela eyaziwa ngokumelana kwayo nokushisa, ukumelana namakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi. Nakuba ivelele ezimpahleni zemishini, inezinkinga ekuzinzeni kwamakhemikhali futhi isengozini yamafutha, utshwala, kanye nezinye izinyibilikisi zamakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-POM emsulwa (i-POM engenazo izithasiselo) inokuqina okuphansi kokushisa futhi i-polymer yepulasitiki izoqhubeka nokusha ngemva kokususwa kwelangabi.

 

IZINHLE

- Ukuminyana okuphansi kodwa amandla aphezulu omshini

- Kulula ukucubungula, enye yezinto ezidumile zokubhala ngokushesha

- Indawo yokuncibilika ephansi, efanelekile ezinqubweni ezisheshayo zokulingisa ezifana nokuphrinta kwe-3D kanye nokubumba ngomjovo

- amandla aphezulu

- Impilo ende nokuqina okuhle

- Intengo ishibhile kakhulu

 

UBUBI

- Ukushisa kuzokhipha umusi onobuthi we-thermoplastic futhi kudingeka umoya opholile.

- Iphuzu eliphansi lokuncibilika, ukushisa okukhiqizwa umshini we-CNC kungabangela ukuguguleka

 

Isicelo

- Izingxenye zezimoto ezifana namagiya, amabheringi, njll.

- Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezifana nama-motor, amaswishi, njll.

- Imishini yezokwelapha efana nama-catheter namapayipi

- Izinto zikagesi ezifana nama-microwave nemishini yokuwasha, njll.

- Izinto zokupakisha ezifana nezivalo nezivalo

 

Ngokuvamile, i-POM iyipulasitiki yobunjiniyela esezingeni eliphezulu esetshenziswa kabanzi esetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana nezinto zikagesi, izimoto, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo zokumelana nokushisa, ukumelana namakhemikhali, amandla omshini, kanye nokulula ukucutshungulwa.

 

5.I-Polycarbonate (PC)

I-PC yaziwa ngokubonakala kwayo okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nogesi. Nakuba isebenza kahle ngokwezakhiwo zayo zemishini, inezinkinga ekuzinzeni kwamakhemikhali futhi isengozini yokuhlaselwa yizinyibilikisi ezine-asidi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzinza kokushisa kwe-PC emsulwa (i-PC engenazo izithasiselo) kujwayelekile, futhi ama-polymer epulasitiki angase aguge emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

IZINHLE

- ukucaca okuphezulu

- Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elimelana nokushisa, lingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu angu-100°C isikhathi eside

- Amandla aphezulu okusebenza ngomshini

- Ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuhle nombala ozinzile

-Izakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu

 

UBUBI

- Kuthintekile yizinyibilikisi ezine-asidi

- Ukuzinza kokushisa kujwayelekile futhi kungaguquguquka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

- izindleko eziphakeme

 

Isicelo

- Ama-CD, i-DVD kanye nama-Blu-ray disc

- Isibonisi kanye ne-TV casing

- Izibani

- Izindlu zikagesi

- Amapayipi abonakalayo namabhokisi okugcina izinto

 

Ngokuvamile, izinto ze-PC zisetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi optical kanye nemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ngenxa yokucaca kwazo okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nogesi. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza kwayo kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuqina kokushisa kudinga ukuqiniswa. Uma ithintekile yizinyibilikisi ezine-asidi, ingase iguquke emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko eziphakeme zezinto ze-PC nazo zikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni eminingi.

 

6.I-Polyurethane (PU)

I-PU isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezahlukene zemishini, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokulula kokucutshungulwa. Ihlala isikhathi eside, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu. Kodwa-ke, i-PU ayinakho ukuzinza kokushisa okuhle, futhi amazinga okushisa aphezulu esikhathi eside azoholela ekwehleni kwezakhiwo zayo zomzimba.

 

IZINHLE

- Izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zemishini

- Ukumelana okuhle nokuguguleka

- Kulula ukucubungula ngezimo ezahlukahlukene

- Intengo ishibhile kakhulu

 

UBUBI

- Ukuzinza kokushisa okubi, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza

- Iphunga lingase livele ngemva kokucutshungulwa

 

Isicelo

- Izingxenye zezimoto ezifana namathayi, ama-gasket, njll.

- Izinto zezicathulo

- Izindlu zemishini yasekhaya

- Ukugqoka kwezimboni

- Ama-gasket edivayisi yezokwelapha

 

Izinto ze-PU zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni, ezicathulweni, ezintweni zikagesi zasekhaya nakwamanye amasimu ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezahlukene zemishini, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokucutshungulwa kalula. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza kwazo kokushisa kubi, futhi amazinga okushisa aphezulu esikhathi eside azoholela ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphunga elingenzeka ngemva kokucubungula nalo liwumkhawulo othile wokusetshenziswa kwalo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izinto ze-PU zishibhile futhi zinezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa.

 

7.Inayiloni (PA)

I-PA ibonakala ngamandla ayo aphezulu kanye nokucutshungulwa okulula. Inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali, kodwa izinzile lokushisa elijwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla emishini ezinto ze-PA athintwa kakhulu yizimo zokucubungula kanye nesakhiwo sephrofayili.

 

IZINHLE

- Amandla aphezulu okusebenza ngomshini

- Ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuhle kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali

- Kulula ukucubungula nokubumba

- Kushibhile kakhulu

 

UBUBI

- Ukuqina kokushisa okumaphakathi

- Amandla emishini athintwa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula

- Umthelela omubi emvelweni

 

Isicelo

- Izindlu zikagesi

- Izingxenye zemishini yasekhaya

- Izingxenye zangaphakathi zezimoto

- Izindlu zekhebula

- Izidingo zansuku zonke

 

Izinto ze-PA zisetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-elekthronikhi, izinto zikagesi, izimoto kanye neminye imikhiqizo ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, ukucutshungulwa okulula, izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali. Kodwa-ke, kusadingeka kuthuthukiswe maqondana nokuqina kokushisa kanye namandla emishini athintwa yizimo zokucubungula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ze-PA zingaba nomthelela othile emvelweni ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza futhi zinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwazo emikhakheni eminingi. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izinto ze-PA zishibhile futhi zinamathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa.

 

8.I-ABS (i-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene)

Izinto ze-ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezikhwameni nasezingxenyeni zesakhiwo sezinto zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, izimoto neminye imikhiqizo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle zomshini, ukucutshungulwa kalula kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushayisana.

IZINHLE

• Amandla aphezulu, amandla okushayisana afinyelela ku-50-100J/m, aqine ngokuphindwe ka-4-5 kunezinto ze-resin ezinezincazelo ezifanayo. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwezindawo zokuvala izinto zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.
• Iyakwazi ukucutshungulwa kahle futhi ingacutshungulwa ibe yizakhiwo ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokusebenzisa ukubumba kwe-extrusion, ukubumba nge-injection kanye nezinye izindlela zokuhlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo womkhiqizo.
• Ubuso bubushelelezi futhi ukubukeka okuhle kungatholakala ngaphandle kokupenda. Lokhu kwenza inqubo yokukhiqiza ibe lula.
• Intengo ishibhile, izindleko zingaba yi-2/3 yezinto ze-PC, okuzuzisa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi.
• Imibala ehlukahlukene yokugcwalisa ingafakwa uma kudingeka, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu.

 

UBUBI

• Ukuzinza kokushisa okubi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lesikhathi eside kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimweni ezidinga imithwalo ephezulu yokushisa.
• Ithinteka kakhulu yizinyibilikisi futhi iguguleka kalula yizinyibilikisi ze-asidi ne-ester, okuthinta impilo yayo yokusebenza.
• Inzima kakhulu, inobukhulu obungu-1.05g/cm3, obungaba ngu-20% ubunzima kunezinto ze-PC ezinamandla afanayo.

 

Ngokuvamile, izinto ze-ABS zisazosetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezifana nezimbobo zikagesi kanye nezindawo zangaphakathi zezimoto ngenxa yezindleko zazo eziphansi, ukucutshungulwa okulula, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza kwayo kokushisa kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali kudinga ukuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe ukuze kwandiswe ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwayo.