He aha ka mīkini hana CNC?
ʻO ka mīkini hana CNC kahi mīkini hana hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia e kahi polokalamu kamepiula. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau ponoʻī i nā hana hana paʻakikī like ʻole e like me nā polokalamu hana i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia. ʻO CNC ka pōkole o "Computer Numerical Control", ʻo ia hoʻi ka mana helu kamepiula.
He hana hana subtractive ka mīkini CNC e hoʻohana ana i nā mīkini hana i kāohi ʻia e ke kamepiula e wehe i nā mea hana e hana i nā ʻāpana. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻolālā aunoa nā mīkini hana CNC i ke ala hana e pili ana i ke kumu hoʻohālike CAD ʻekolu-dimensional a kāohi i ka mea hana e ʻoki ma ke ala e hoʻokō ai i ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana.
E hoʻolauna kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano mīkini hana CNC like ʻole a pehea e hana ai.
1.Mīkini CNC Router
Ua like ka mīkini CNC router me ka wili CNC akā hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea palupalu a ʻoi aku ka pololei ma mua o nā Mills CNC. Ua ʻike ʻia nā mīkini CNC no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohana i ka mana helu kamepiula e hoʻokele i nā ala spindle a me nā ala mīkini e hoʻolālā a hoʻoponopono i nā mea e like me ka lāʻau, ke kila, ka huʻa, nā composites, ka alumini, a me ka plastic.
ʻO ka maʻamau, aia nā mīkini stepper i loko o nā mīkini hoʻokele stepper, nā mea hoʻokele stepper, kahi kumu mechanical, kahi spindle, nā mea hoʻokele, a me kahi lako mana. Kōkua nā mīkini CNC i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpala, hoʻonui i ka huahua a me ka pololei, a hana wikiwiki i nā huahana.
2. Mīkini ʻeli CNC
Hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini wili CNC no nā kaʻina hana mīkini e pono ai ka hana ʻana i nā lua cylindrical i loko o kahi ʻāpana hana ma o ka wili ʻana. Hoʻohana ia i nā ʻāpana wili wili nona ka hoʻolālā e hiki ai i ka metala ʻōpala, i ʻike ʻia he mau ʻāpana, ke hāʻule mai ka ʻāpana hana i ka wā e hana ana i nā lua.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano wili maʻamau e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka mīkini wili CNC, kūpono kēlā me kēia no nā noi like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano e komo pū me nā wili spotting no nā lua hoʻomaka, nā wili peck no ka wili ʻana i nā lua hohonu, nā wili mīkini wili no nā lua kikoʻī, a me nā chucking reamers no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā lua i ka nui i makemake ʻia.
E like me nā mīkini CNC ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ka mīkini wili CNC i ka mana helu kamepiula e hoʻokele pono i ke kaʻina hana wili. Kuhikuhi ia i nā wahi o ka ʻāpana wili a me nā ʻano neʻe e like me nā ala hana i hoʻolālā ʻia. ʻAe kēia i ka wili pololei ʻana o nā lua he nui i loko o kahi ʻāpana hana me ka pololei a me ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia. He mea pono nā mīkini wili CNC i ka wā e pono ai nā ʻāpana nui i nā ʻano lua like a i ʻole nā nui i hana ʻia ma o nā kaʻina hana wili aunoa.
3. Mīkini CNC Lathe
Hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini Lathe CNC no nā kaʻina hana mīkini e pili ana i ka hoʻohuli ʻana a i ʻole ke kālai ʻana i nā ʻāpana hana e wili ana. Hoʻohana ia i nā mea hana ʻoki hoʻokahi kiko nona ka hoʻolālā e loli like ʻole ma muli o ka noi huli kikoʻī, e like me ka roughing, finishing, facing, threading, forming, undercutting, parting a me grooving.
Hoʻokele pono ka mīkini Lathe CNC i ke kaʻina hana huli ma o ka mana helu kamepiula. Kuhikuhi ia i nā wahi a me nā neʻe ʻana o ka mea hana ʻoki e like me nā ala hana i hoʻolālā ʻia. ʻAe kēia i nā ʻano a me nā geometries paʻakikī e hana ʻia mai nā ʻāpana hana cylindrical me ka pololei a me ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia.
Aia nā ʻano mīkini lathe CNC like ʻole i kūpono no nā noi like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau e komo pū me nā mīkini lathe turret i kūpono no ka hana nui me nā hoʻololi mea hana aunoa, nā mīkini lathes no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā kumu maʻamau, a me nā mīkini lathes kumu kūikawā i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā geometries a i ʻole nā mea kikoʻī.
Hoʻonui ke kaʻina hana huli CNC i ka huahana ma luna o nā mīkini hana lima ma o ka hiki ʻana i ka hana unmanned a me ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana he nui i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī. He mea pono loa nā mīkini Lathe CNC i nā ʻoihana kaʻa, aerospace a me nā ʻoihana hana kikoʻī kahi e pono ai ke hana pololei a me ka maikaʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻāpana i huli ʻia.
4. Mīkini CNC 5-Axis
Hoʻonui ka mīkini CNC 5-axis i nā hiki o nā mīkini wili 3-axis kuʻuna ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ʻelua mau axes rotational hou aʻe, e hiki ai ke hana i ka machining o nā geometries paʻakikī i kahi clamping hoʻokahi.
Ma waho aʻe o nā axis linear ʻekolu (X, Y, Z) no ke kau ʻana i ka mea hana ʻoki, hoʻokomo pū kahi mīkini CNC 5-axis i ʻelua mau axis rotational hou aʻe ma ke spindle ʻoki a i ʻole kahi papa tilting/rotating. Hāʻawi kēia i ʻelua mau kekelē o ke kūʻokoʻa no ke kau ʻana i ka workpiece.
Ma ke kīloi ʻana a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka mea paʻa hana (papa trunnion), hiki i ka mīkini 5-axis i ka mea ʻoki ke komo a mīkini i ʻelima mau ʻaoʻao o kahi ʻāpana hana prismatic ma nā kihi 90-degere me ka ʻole o ka pono e hoʻonohonoho hou i ka ʻāpana hana ma waena o nā hana.
Hoʻomaikaʻi nui nā koʻi wili ʻelua hou (i kapa ʻia ʻo A-axis a me C-axis) i ka pono o ka mīkini ma ka wehe ʻana i ka pono no nā clamping a me nā hoʻonohonoho he nui. Hiki ke mīkini ʻia nā geometries paʻakikī e like me nā ʻano i kālai ʻia i hoʻokahi clamping ma kahi mīkini CNC 5-axis.
Loaʻa iā ia nā noi ākea ma nā ʻoihana aerospace, die/mold a me nā ʻoihana lapaʻau kahi i maʻamau ai nā ʻāpana paʻakikī. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka machining CNC 5-axis no ke kālai ʻana ma muli o kona hiki ke mīkini i nā ʻili freeform.
5. Mīkini CNC Wili
Hoʻohana ka mīkini CNC Milling i nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki multi-point e wili ana e hoʻoponopono a mīkini i nā ʻāpana hana. ʻO nā mea hana wili maʻamau e komo pū me nā wili hope, nā wili helical, a me nā wili chamfer, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ka pae a i ʻole ke kū pololei ma muli o ka noi wili kikoʻī.
Hoʻokele pono ka mīkini Milling CNC i ke kaʻina hana wili ma o ka mana helu kamepiula. Kuhikuhi ia i kahi o ka mea hana ʻoki a me ke ala neʻe e like me nā ala hana i hoʻolālā ʻia. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā ʻano paʻakikī a me nā geometries mai nā mea maka a i ʻole nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka pololei a me ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia.
Loaʻa nā mīkini CNC wili, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he mau mīkini wili a i ʻole nā wili, ma nā ʻano ʻelua: ʻekolu mau koʻi linear o ka neʻe ʻana (X, Y, Z), ʻoiai ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona holomua e hoʻokomo i nā koʻi rotary hou no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke komo ʻana.
ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o nā mīkini wili CNC e komo pū me nā wili lima no nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, nā wili maʻamau a kū pololei paha no ka mīkini maʻamau, nā wili honua kūpono no nā ʻano hana like ʻole, a me nā wili omniversal e hāʻawi ana i ka maʻalahi loa ma o nā koʻi ʻehā a ʻelima paha.
Hoʻonui ke kaʻina hana wili CNC i ka huahana ma mua o nā wili lima. ʻAe ia i ka hana ʻole ʻia a me ka hana nui ʻana o nā ʻāpana wili i nā ʻae paʻa. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mīkini wili CNC i nā ʻoihana hana no ka mīkini ʻana i nā ʻāpana mai nā metala, nā plastics, ka lāʻau, nā composites a me nā mea hou aku.
6. Mīkini CNC ʻokiʻoki laser
Hoʻohana ka mīkini ʻoki laser CNC i kahi laser mana kiʻekiʻe e ʻoki i nā mea ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, puhi ʻana, a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana iā lākou. Hiki iā ia ke ʻoki pololei i nā ʻano paʻakikī a me nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka laser ʻoihana i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mīkini ʻoki laser:
- Nā lasers CO2: ʻO kekahi o nā lasers kinoea maʻamau e hoʻohana ana i ka hui ʻana o ke kinoea kalapona ʻokikene. Kūpono no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea ʻaʻole metala e like me ka lāʻau, nā plastics, nā lole. Hiki nō hoʻi ke ʻoki i kekahi mau kila akahai.
- Nā lasers paʻa-kūlana: ʻO nā lasers Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) maʻamau e hoʻohana ana iā Neodymium ma ke ʻano he mea hana. ʻOi aku ka ikaika ma mua o nā lasers CO2 a hiki ke ʻoki i nā metala mānoanoa a paʻakikī.
- Nā lasers fiber: He ʻano laser solid-state hou me ka maikaʻi o ke kukuna. Kūpono loa no nā noi ʻoki metala pololei.
Hoʻokele nā mīkini CNC ʻoki laser i ke kukuna laser e like me nā ala hana i hoʻolālā ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā gantries xy a me ka mana CNC. Loaʻa nā nui hana maʻamau mai ka pākaukau a i nā mīkini ʻano nui.
Hāʻawi ka laser i kahi ʻoki maʻemaʻe me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela. ʻAe ia i ka ʻoki paʻakikī o nā ʻano mea like ʻole. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻoki laser i ka hana ʻana, prototyping a me nā ʻoihana kaʻa/aerospace.
7. Mīkini CNC ʻoki Plasma
Hoʻohana ka mīkini CNC ʻoki plasma i kahi lama plasma e ʻoki i nā mea alakaʻi uila. Hana ia ma ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi kinoea wikiwiki, e like me ka oxygen a i ʻole ka ea, ma o kahi nozzle a hana i kahi arc uila ma lalo o ke lama e hoʻoheheʻe i ke kinoea i loko o kahi kahawai plasma alakaʻi.
A laila hoʻoili ke kahawai plasma i ka wela a me ka uila ma luna o ka mea hana, e ʻoki ana ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka mahu ʻana. ʻO nā mea maʻamau i ʻoki ʻia ma nā mīkini ʻoki plasma e komo pū me ke kila, ke kila kila, ka alumini, ke keleawe a me ke keleawe.
Ma kahi mīkini ʻoki plasma CNC, hoʻokele ʻia ke kukui plasma e ka ʻōnaehana CNC e like me nā ala hana i hoʻolālā ʻia. ʻAe kēia i ka ʻoki pololei ʻana i kāohi ʻia e ka kamepiula o nā ʻano 2D a me 3D paʻakikī mai ka metala.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o nā mīkini CNC ʻoki plasma e komo pū ana me ka hiki ke ʻoki i nā mea papa mānoanoa, ka maikaʻi o ke ʻoki ʻana me nā wahi liʻiliʻi i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela, a me nā wikiwiki ʻoki wikiwiki. He kūpono lākou no ka hana ʻana, mālama a me nā hana hoʻoponopono.
Hāʻawi ka ʻōnaehana CNC i nā ʻoki hana ponoʻī a hana hou ʻia a ʻae i ka hana unmanned. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻoki plasma i nā ʻoihana e like me ke kaʻa, ka hana ʻana, ke kūkulu moku a me ke kūkulu ʻana no ka ʻoki ʻana, beveling a me ke gouging o nā ʻāpana metala a me nā ʻāpana.
8. Mīkini CNC Hoʻokuʻu Uila
ʻO ka mīkini CNC hoʻokuʻu uila, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he EDM (electric discharge machining) a i ʻole ka mīkini CNC erosion spark, hoʻohana i ke kaʻina hana thermoelectric o nā huna uila e ʻoki i nā mea alakaʻi uila.
Hana ia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huna ahi uila i hana ʻia ma o kahi ʻokoʻa voltage ma waena o ʻelua mau electrodes - kahi electrode mea hana a me ka mea hana - e hoʻopau i nā mea liʻiliʻi ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka vaporization. Hoʻohana ʻia ka wai deionized e holoi i nā ʻōpala.
Ma kahi mīkini EDM CNC, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka electrode mea hana i ka ʻōnaehana CNC a ua hoʻonoho pono ʻia a hoʻomalu ʻia e like me nā ala hana i hoʻolālā ʻia. ʻAe kēia i nā ʻano 3D paʻakikī e hana ʻia mai nā metala paʻakikī a me nā mea hoʻohuihui i paʻakikī ke ʻoki me nā ʻano kuʻuna.
ʻO kekahi o nā pono koʻikoʻi o nā mīkini EDM CNC ʻo ia ka hiki ke hana i nā mea paʻakikī loa, hana i nā ʻāpana me ka pololei loa a me nā hoʻopau ʻili, a ʻokiʻoki i nā lua a me nā ʻaoʻao kūloko paʻakikī.
ʻO nā noi maʻamau e komo pū me nā ʻōmole, nā make, nā ʻāpana aerospace a me nā implants ʻokiʻoki ma muli o ke kaʻina hana ʻaʻole pili a hoʻopuka i nā ikaika mechanical liʻiliʻi ma ka workpiece. He kūpono loa nā mīkini EDM CNC no ka hana haʻahaʻa o nā ʻāpana paʻakikī.
9. Eia nā kumu nui e pili ana i kahi Mīkini CNC Wili:
- - Hoʻohana ka mīkini wili CNC i kahi huila abrasive e wili ana e ʻoki a hoʻoponopono i nā ʻāpana metala ma o ke kaʻina hana mechanical o ka abrasion.
- - ʻO ka huila wili abrasive, i hana pinepine ʻia me nā daimana a i ʻole CBN (cubic boron nitride), e wehe i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka metala ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka workpiece. Pono ka mana pololei e hoʻokō i nā hoʻomanawanui paʻa.
- - Ma kahi mīkini wili CNC, ua hoʻonoho pono ʻia ka huila wili a me ka ʻāpana hana a hoʻoneʻe ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana CNC e like me ke code i hoʻolālā ʻia. Hiki i kēia ke wili ʻia nā ʻaoʻao 3D paʻakikī.
- - ʻO nā hana wili maʻamau e komo pū me ka wili ʻana i nā ʻāpana paukū (nā ʻili waho a i loko paha), ka wili ʻana i nā ʻili (nā ʻili pālahalaha), ka wili ʻana i waena ʻole a me ka wili ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao pilikino.
- - Pono nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me nā mīkini wili CNC i ka pololei kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā hoʻopau ʻili. He mau ʻāpana mīkini kikoʻī pinepine lākou e like me nā camshafts, nā bearings ball, nā kia.
- - ʻO nā ʻoihana e hoʻohana ana i ka wili CNC e komo pū me nā kaʻa, aerospace, lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hana maʻamau kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ka hoʻomanawanui paʻa.
- - ʻO nā pono ma mua o ka wili maʻamau e komo pū me ka pololei hiki ke hana hou ʻia, ka mana multi-axis a me ka hiki ke wili i nā contours paʻakikī a me nā ʻaoʻao me ka nānā ʻole ʻia.
No laila i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, hoʻoponopono pololei ka mīkini wili CNC i nā ʻāpana metala ma o ka hana mīkini huila abrasive automated i kāohi ʻia e kahi ʻōnaehana mana helu kamepiula.
10. Eia nā kumu nui e pili ana i kahi Mīkini CNC me nā Hoʻololi Hana Hana Akomi:
- - Loaʻa iā ia kahi makasina mea hana/carousel e paʻa ana i nā mea hana he nui e like me nā wili, nā wili, nā mīkini hoʻopololei, a pēlā aku ma kahi e pili ana i ka wahi hana mīkini.
- - ʻO ka mea hoʻololi mea hana ʻakomi e ʻae i ka hoʻololi wikiwiki a ʻakomi o nā mea hana e like me ka mea e pono ai i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana CNC me ka ʻole o ke komo lima ʻana.
- - Hoʻomaikaʻi nui kēia i ka huahana ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka manawa ʻoki ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hoʻololi mea hana lima. Hiki ke mīkini ʻia nā ʻāpana paʻakikī e pono ai nā mea hana he nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ke kaʻina hana.
- - Hoʻopili/hoʻololi ʻia nā mea hana ma ke ʻano robotic mai ka magazine a kau ʻia ma luna o ke spindle me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lima hoʻololi mea hana aunoa ma lalo o ka mana CNC.
- - Hoʻonui ia i ka hiki ke hāpai i nā mea hana o ka mīkini ma mua o hoʻokahi mea hana, e ʻae ana i ka mīkini ʻana i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī me ka ʻole o ka hoʻouka hou ʻana i nā mea hana me ka lima.
- - Hiki ke hoʻololi koke ʻia nā mea hana haʻihaʻi a ʻaʻahu paha me ka ʻole o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hana holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻomaikaʻi kēia i ka hilinaʻi a me ka manawa hana.
- - Hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻoponopono ʻakomi i nā mea hana e hōʻoia i ka pololei o ke ʻano ma hope o kēlā me kēia hoʻololi.
- - Hoʻoneʻe ia i ka mīkini CNC i ka hana ʻana i nā kukui uila/unmanned ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o ke komo ʻana o ke kanaka.
No laila i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea hana aunoa i ka maʻalahi a me ka huahua o nā mīkini CNC.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-08-2023
