Kuyambitsidwa kwa makina a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) kwasintha kwambiri makampani opanga zinthu, zomwe zathandiza kupanga zida zovuta komanso zolondola mosavuta. Mwa kupanga makina okha, makina a CNC sanangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso awonjezera kulondola komanso kusasinthasintha kwa kupanga. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kufufuza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makina a CNC omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu, kufufuza mawonekedwe awo osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zigawo zomwe angapange.
#1Makina Opangira ndi Kutembenuza a CNC
Makina odulira a CNC ndi makina odulira amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga zinthu chifukwa amatha kuzunguliza zinthu panthawi yopangira makina. Zipangizo zodulira zimasuntha molunjika pamzere wozungulira, kuchotsa zinthu mozungulira mpaka kukula ndi mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna atakwaniritsidwa. Makina odulira a CNC amachita bwino kwambiri popanga zinthu zamkati ndi zakunja pazigawo, kuphatikizapo mabowo obowoledwa, mabowo, mabowo okonzedwanso, mipata, kugogoda, zomata, ndi ulusi. Zigawo zopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina odulira a CNC ndi malo odulira zimaphatikiza zomangira, mabowo, shafts, ndi ma poppet.
Ma lathe a CNC akuphatikizapo ma lathe a CNC Swiss, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi Pioneer Service. Ma lathe awa amathandiza kuti zinthuzo zizungulire ndikutsetsereka mozungulira kudzera mu bushing yotsogolera, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri zinthuzo pamene makina opangira zida omwe gawolo lili nawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulekerera.
#2Makina Opangira Miyala a CNC
Makina odulira a CNC, omwe amadziwika kuti amatha kuzunguliza zida zodulira pamene akugwira ntchito yogwirira ntchito/yosakhazikika, ali ndi mphamvu yopangira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawonekedwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zodulira nkhope monga malo osaya, athyathyathya ndi mabowo omwe ali mu ntchito yogwirira ntchito, komanso zinthu zodulira m'mbali monga mabowo akuya monga mipata ndi ulusi. Zigawo zomwe zimapangidwa pa makina odulira a CNC nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a sikweya kapena amakona anayi okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
#3 Makina a Laser a CNC
Makina a laser a CNC ali ndi rauta yolunjika yokhala ndi kuwala kwa laser komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula, kudula, kapena kujambula zinthu molondola. Laser imatenthetsa zinthuzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisungunuke kapena kuphwanyika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zidulidwe. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zili mu mtundu wa pepala, kuwala kwa laser kumayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pamwamba pa zinthuzo kuti zidulidwe molondola. Njirayi imalola mapangidwe osiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi makina odulira wamba (lathes, turn centers, mills) ndipo nthawi zambiri imapanga mabala ndi/kapena m'mbali zomwe sizifuna njira zina zowonjezera zomaliza.
Makina ojambula a laser a CNC nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba ndi kukongoletsa zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makina. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale kukonza logo ndi dzina la kampani kukhala chinthu chopangidwa ndi CNC kapena CNC kungakhale kovuta, kujambula kwa laser kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonjezera izi ngakhale ntchito yokonza itatha.
#4Makina Otulutsira Magetsi a CNC (EDM)
Makina otulutsira magetsi a CNC (EDM) amagwiritsa ntchito ma spark amagetsi olamulidwa bwino kuti asinthe zinthu kukhala mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. Amatchedwanso kuti spark eroding, die sinking, spark machining, kapena wire burning, njirayi imaphatikizapo kuyika gawo pansi pa waya wa electrode ndikutulutsa magetsi kuchokera ku waya, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwambiri (mpaka madigiri 21,000 Fahrenheit). Zipangizozo zimasungunuka kapena kutsukidwa ndi madzi kuti apange mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. EDM imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono, mipata, mawonekedwe ofooka kapena opindika, ndi zinthu zina zambiri zovuta mu gawo kapenachidutswa chogwirira ntchito, makamaka pa zitsulo zolimba kwambiri zomwe zingakhale zovuta ku makinawo ku mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna, monga giya.
#5Makina Odulira Ma Plasma a CNC
Makina odulira plasma a CNC amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito tochi ya plasma yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi kompyuta. Mofanana ndi tochi yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dzanja, yoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera, tochi ya plasma imatha kutentha mpaka madigiri 50,000 Fahrenheit. Tochi ya plasma imasungunuka kudzera muchidutswa chogwirira ntchitokuti muchepetse zinthuzo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi iliyonse kudula kwa plasma kwa CNC kukagwiritsidwa ntchito, zinthu zomwe zikudulidwazo ziyenera kukhala zoyendetsa magetsi. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina odulira plasma a CNC ndi monga chitsulo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu, mkuwa, ndi mkuwa.
# Mapeto
Pomaliza, kubwera kwa makina a CNC kwabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu mumakampani opanga zinthu, zomwe zathandiza kupanga zida zovuta komanso zolondola mosavuta. Mtundu uliwonse wa makina a CNC, kuphatikiza ma lathe, makina opera, makina a laser, ma EDM, ndi makina odulira plasma, uli ndi mawonekedwe apadera komanso kuthekera kopangira zida zosiyanasiyana. Kumvetsetsa kuthekera kwa makina aliwonse ndikofunikira kwambiri posankha njira yoyenera yopezera zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Ndi makina opangidwa ndi CNC molondola, mwayi ndi wopanda malire.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-15-2023
